Uruguay

Uruguay’s vineyards are shaped by a rare combination of oceanic breezes, diverse soils, and a humid, temperate climate, resulting in wines of remarkable character. Each region contributes its own signature to the glass:

• Canelones: The heartland of Uruguayan wine, known for moisture-retentive calcareous clay and pink granite soils, ideal for structured, robust Tannat.
• Maldonado: An exciting coastal region featuring ancient, mineral-rich ‘balasto’ soils, lending a salty vibrancy to Albariño and other whites.
• Atlantic Coast: Vineyards here enjoy steady, cool breezes and a long ripening season, preserving acidity and freshness across varieties.

These diverse terroirs, paired with careful vineyard management, help Uruguay’s wines achieve their hallmark balance and expressiveness.

• Tannat: Uruguay’s signature red, ranging from robust and oaked to fresh, unoaked styles. Expect deep color, supple tannins, and layered notes of blackberry, plum, licorice, and dark chocolate.
• Albariño: The country’s leading white, especially vibrant from Maldonado’s coastal terroirs. Lively acidity, citrus and peach flavors, and a distinctive saline or mineral finish.
• Bordeaux Varieties: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Cabernet Franc are widely grown, used both in blends to soften Tannat and as expressive single-varietals.
• Marselan: A rising star, this Cabernet Sauvignon–Grenache cross yields medium-bodied reds with fine tannins and bright cherry and blackberry fruit.
• Sauvignon Blanc: Crisp, aromatic, and coastal in style, marked by citrus, green apple, and fresh herb notes.
• Viognier: Produces full-bodied, floral whites and occasionally softens Tannat through co-fermentation.

Uruguay’s diverse terroirs and range of grape varieties are matched by a strong commitment to sustainability, led by the country’s many family-run wineries. The National Sustainable Wine-growing Program, guided by the National Institute of Viticulture (INAVI) and certified by LSQA, sets high standards for environmental care, worker well-being, and wine quality. Over a third of vineyards are now certified, with producers adopting renewable energy, conserving water, and encouraging biodiversity through native plants and natural pest control.These efforts help vineyards adapt to Uruguay’s humid climate and changing weather, while preserving the character of signature wines like Tannat and Albariño. Certified bottles carry the “Sustainable Wine-growing Uruguay Certified” label, signaling a dedication to responsible farming that is gaining international recognition and shaping the future of Uruguayan wine.

Wine tourism in Uruguay blends family heritage with a passion for quality and sustainability, inviting visitors to explore a rich tapestry of regional flavors. Each route offers a unique experience, connecting guests with the land, local cuisine, and the country’s evolving wine scene.

• Los Caminos del Vino: Family-run wineries open their doors for tastings and events that celebrate Uruguayan culture.
• Montevideo & Canelones: Just outside the capital, this area is known for both historic estates and modern producers on calcareous clay soils.
• Maldonado & Punta del Este: Coastal vineyards offer innovative architecture, gourmet pairings, and standout Albariño and white wines.
• Colonia & Carmelo: With old vineyards and easy access from Buenos Aires, this region mixes tradition and modern style.
• Cultural Connections: Wine experiences often include asado and local dishes, highlighting the bond between food and wine.

Uruguay’s wine story began in the 19th century with Basque and Italian immigrants, who brought their expertise and grape varieties, laying the foundation for today’s artisanal wine culture. In 1870, Don Pascual Harriague introduced Tannat—locally known as Harriague for over a century—establishing the grape as a symbol of Uruguay’s unique identity.

• During the 1950s, hybrid vines replaced traditional varieties, but economic and political challenges slowed the growth of premium wine.
• After democracy returned in the late 1980s and with the formation of the MERCOSUR trade bloc, winemakers modernized vineyards and replaced hybrids with noble Vitis vinifera varieties, focusing on quality.
• The newly formed National Institute of Viticulture (INAVI) and the VCP label supported this transition, helping to secure Uruguay’s place on the world wine map.