Origins and Global Presence of Carignan and Grenache
Carignan: A Mediterranean Heritage Grape Carignan traces its roots to northeastern Spain, where it likely originated in the historic region of Aragon. Over centuries, it spread throughout the Western Mediterranean, gaining local names and adapting to new environments. The grape became especially important in Spain’s Rioja, where it is called Mazuelo, and played a key role in the vineyards of southern France and Sardinia. Its journey across the Mediterranean was shaped by both trade and political ties, making Carignan an ancient variety with a rich story. Today, Carignan is most widely grown in southern France’s Languedoc-Roussillon, where old vines produce deeply colored, structured reds. In Spain, it thrives in Catalonia and Aragon, often used in blends for added backbone. Sardinia’s Carignano del Sulcis DOC showcases the grape’s Italian expression, while California and Chile have become New World homes for old Carignan vines, producing wines with bright acidity and earthy flavors. Its resilience in hot, dry climates has also led to smaller plantings in places like South Africa, Israel, and North Africa, ensuring Carignan’s continued presence in diverse wine regions.Grenache/Garnacha: The Versatile Global Traveler Grenache, known as Garnacha in Spain, is believed to have first appeared in Aragón, northeastern Spain, as early as the second century BCE. Its spread across Europe was helped by the medieval Crown of Aragón, bringing the grape to southern France, Sardinia, and beyond. Over time, Grenache became prized for its ability to thrive in warm, dry conditions and its suitability for both red and rosé wines. The grape’s adaptability made it a vital part of many historic wine regions, from the Rhône Valley to the Mediterranean islands. Today, Grenache is one of the world’s most widely planted grapes, with a stronghold in France’s Southern Rhône, where it stars in famous blends like Châteauneuf-du-Pape. In Spain, it is key to the bold reds of Priorat and Rioja, while Sardinia’s Cannonau offers a uniquely Italian style. Australia’s Barossa Valley and McLaren Vale have embraced Grenache for both traditional and modern wines, and California’s Central Coast is home to exciting new expressions. With plantings also found in South Africa and parts of North Africa, Grenache’s global reach highlights its versatility and enduring appeal among winemakers and wine lovers alike.